How to restore Grub boot loader after installing Windows

This tutorial will explain how to restore Grub after installing Windows 7/Vista/Xp.If you are using dual boot PC with windows,Ubuntu for some reason you reinstall your windows now you may not see your grub 2 is loading because your windows installation might have been over written MBR (Master boot record).
Method 1

Using Ubuntu 9.10 livecd

First you need to download Ubuntu from Ubuntu site

In this tutorial we are assuming the Ubuntu partition is sdc3,and /boot partition is sdc2

Note:- You need to replace sdc3,sdc2 with your partitions.You can check your partition table with fdisk -l

Now Boot up ubuntu from the livecd,open terminal from Applications menu -> Accessories -> Terminal and login as root using the following command

sudo -i

mount /dev/sdc3 /mnt

mount /dev/sdc2 /mnt/boot

grub-install --root-directory=/mnt/ /dev/sdc

If you are not having “grub.cfg” file,use following contents to recreate

mount --bind /proc /mnt/proc

mount --bind /dev /mnt/dev

mount --bind /sys /mnt/sys

chroot /mnt update-grub

umount /mnt/sys

umount /mnt/dev

umount /mnt/proc

exit

Method 2

Using GRUB for DOS

GRUB4DOS is an universal boot loader based on GNU GRUB. It can boot off DOS/LINUX, or via Windows boot manager/syslinux/lilo, or from MBR/CD. It also has builtin BIOS disk emulation, ATAPI CDROM driver, etc.

Download GRUB for DOS

For XP Users

copy the file grldr from grub4dos package to C:\.Edit boot.ini (hidden file) and add this line to the file:

c:\grldr=”grub4dos”

For Windows7/Vista Users

Copy the file grldr,grldr.mbr to C:\.Create boot.ini file in the root directory of C:,copy and paste following into this file.

[boot loader]
timeout=0
default=c:\grldr.mbr
[operating systems]
C:\grldr.mbr=”Grub4Dos”

Now,create menu.lst in root directory,with the following content

timeout 0
default 0
title grub2
find --set-root /boot/grub/core.img
kernel /boot/grub/core.img
boot

Now restart your computer,and select boot from Grub4Dos.Then select boot up Ubuntu in grub menu.
Once login,use this command to install grub into mbr

sudo grub-install /dev/sdc

Note :- Replace sdc with your partiton

How To Use MEncoder

Install

First, ensure that the mencoder package is installed with all appropriate dependencies with

sudo apt-get install mencoder

You may also consider finding and install the w32codecs package, if you will be working with proprietary formats, such as wmv.

Basic Usage

To use mencoder, you must specify at least an input file, an output file, an audio encoder and a video encoder. As a general framework, you can use the following to convert a video from any type that mplayer can read, to an avi file using mp3 audio encoding.

mencoder -oac mp3lame -ovc lavc -o output_movie.avi

Audio/Video encoders

To see a list of audio encoders supported on your installation, run

mencoder -oac help

To use an audio encoder, specify it as in the example above with -oac .

Similarly for video encoders, search with

mencoder -ovc help

Convert RMVB To AVI Using LINUX Mencoder

In terminal just type this command

mencoder in.rmvb -oac mp3lame -lameopts preset=128 -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:vbitrate=1200 -ofps 25 -of avi -o out.avi

in.rmvb means input file name
out.avi means output file name..

Hope this will work for you all..Thanks.

Riger DB102 Router Mode

Go to http://192.168.1.1.

* Username: tmadmin
* Password: tmadmin

Then you will see this above page. Go and click at the WAN Tab and click at PPP.

Set the new interface as:

* PPP interface = 0
* ATM VC = aal5-0
* Protocol = PPoE
* Use DNS = enable
* Security = PAP

Don’t forget to set your username as USERNAME@streamyx and also your TMNet Streamyx password. When done, click Submit.

Click on ATM VC and make sure interface are set as:

* aal5-0 VPI = 0
* VCI = 35
* MUX = LLC
* Max proto = 2

After that, click on Admin and then Commit and then Reboot Once it’s done you should check your Internet connectivity by loading your favorite website.

If you’re unable to go to 192.168.1.1, please make sure that your PC IP is in the range of 192.168.1.x.

Done!

PPPoE Setup For Win XP

1.Go to Start, and Click Control Panel

2.In the Control Panel Window, Locate Network Connection and double click it.

3.You should now be in the "network connection" window.

4.In that window on the Left "Network Task" should have two option:

(a)Create a new connection

(b)Set up a home or small office network

Choose (a) Create a new connection

5.The New Connection Wizard will Pop-up
•Click Next

•Choose "connect to the internet" and Next.

•Choose "Set up my connection manually" and Next.

•Choose "Connect using a broadband connection that requires a user name
and password" and Hit Next.

•Type in Streamyx and click Next

•Fill the User name : eg, Streamyxuser@streamyx
Password : xxxxxxxxx
Confirm Password : xxxxxxxx

Leave the All the box checked Unless you have a Firewall Already running
eg. Zone alarm is installed, Be sure to UNCHECK
Turn on the internet Connection Firewall for this connection.
Click Next.

6.Check the Add a shortcut to this connection to my Desktop, and Click Finish

7.Click Connect, and you should be connected in 2 seconds.

How do I connect to Streamyx DSL with Linux?

How do I connect to Streamyx DSL with Linux?

Log in as root Go to a console.

Type 'adsl-setup'

It will do some system checks.

The next question will be for your user name. Type UserID@streamyx Hit 'enter'.

Next it will ask for the interface i.e. your NIC that you are using. Most likely 'eth0'. Unix starts with zero when it comes to assigning device numbers. eth0 is default, so just hit enter.

Next it will ask about 'Demand or Continuously'. Default is 'No'. Hit Enter.

Now it will ask you for your DNS's one at a time.
Type '202.188.1.5' for #1. Hit Enter.
Type '202.188.0.133' for #2. Hit Enter.

Next will be your UserID password.
Type it, hit enter, type it again to confirm, hit enter.

Next will be for firewalling. Press the number zero. Remember when you installed Red Hat, it asked you for high, medium, or low firewall. The firewall in the installation will be good enough. I had some trouble getting numbers 1 and 2 to work correctly in this selection. Maybe just me being a Linux newbie, but zero worked for me.

'Start connection at boot time?' Enter 'yes'.

Now it will show a summary of what you did and will ask you if you want to 'Accept these settings?' Enter 'y' for yes, hit 'Enter'

Next, type 'adsl-start' at the command line.

Now you should be online. Congrats.

How To Convert FLV To 3GP In Ubuntu

If you have a flv video format in your computer and want to convert it to 3gp so you can play this video in your cellphone, you can go to this tutorial step by step:

First you need ffmpeg, but in ubuntu it needs more some libraries to complete it. Try this command in your terminal :

sudo apt-get install ffmpeg

then add this command after it :

sudo aptitude install libavcodec-unstripped-51 libavdevice-unstripped-52 libavformat-unstripped-52 libavutil-unstripped-49 libpostproc-unstripped-51 libswscale-unstripped-0

After this installation complete, then you can use it to convert by this command :

ffmpeg -i fileInput.flv -s 176×144 -vcodec h263 -r 25 -b 200 -ab 64 -acodec mp3 -ac 1 -ar 8000 fileOutput.3gp

Note:-

1. -i means input and -o is output, you can see the configuration of resolution in this file
2. change the fileInput and fileOutput to the name of your target and destination file